For example, youth who are victims of dating violence in high school are at higher risk for victimization during college. The primary aim of this study was to provide an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies that examined the association of disturbed sleep with the development of later depression among 5- to 24-year-old individuals. For a wider scope compared with previous reviews, we opted for broad definitions of disturbed sleep and depression. Based on prior systematic reviews,20,29 we expected to find that the pooled effect sizes were significant and in the small range.
Empirical marketing generalization using meta-analysis
Although feminist theories may help elucidate some types of perpetration, particularly very severe and controlling types of abuse of boys against girls, they do not explain female violence against males or mutual violence, which, as noted earlier, are common among adolescents. Adolescent dating abuse has frequently been criticized for being atheoretical. This is because many studies are not guided by a theoretical framework at all and those that are tend to evoke only parts of theories to inform the research and do not do formal tests of the theory.
Meta-analysis: Bias in location and selection of studies
These attachment styles encompass expectations of others, beliefs about relationships, and learned strategies for achieving relationship goals. For example, having caregivers who are unresponsive or are unpredictably responsive may cause the child to develop an insecure attachment style. In turn, children with insecure attachment styles tend to develop relationships with others characterized by coerciveness, jealousy, controlling behaviors, anger, and for some styles, distancing. As these children grow older and form romantic relationships, they may be at increased risk for involvement in dating abuse.
Table 5.Prevalence rates of mental disorders in systematic reviews/meta-analyses conducted on samples of children/adolescents. A total of seven systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses have been published from 2005 up until the current time, as reported in Table 4. The prevalence rates of mental disorders emerging from these studies are summarized in Table 5.
The previously cited systematic review by Fazel et al. was based specifically on five studies carried out on 260 children or adolescent refugees in Canada, Sweden, and the USA, who had originated from Bosnia, Central America, Iran, Kurdistan, and Rwanda. According to this review, 11% (7–17%) of refugee children were affected by post-traumatic stress disorder. A more detailed analysis of data obtained for adolescents and young adults revealed prevalence rates of PTSD and MD in this loveswans group of 35% and 12%, respectively; therefore, higher, although not significantly, than those found in adult populations (respectively, 10% for PTSD and 6% for MD). For the purpose of this review, we considered only systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses published in English from 2005 to 2022, reporting quantitative data about the prevalence of mental disorders in adults and children living in conflict areas, or refugees/asylum seekers exposed to war and/or armed conflicts.
However, establishing causality is a challenge, given selection bias in samples and the possibility of confounding the harms of excessive spanking with the effects of infrequent spanking. Freitag, S.; Braehler, E.; Schmidt, S.; Glaesmer, H. The impact of forced displacement in World War II on mental health disorders and health-related quality of life in late life—A German population-based study. Researchers who separated the effects of domestic and community violence found that only domestic violence affected the functioning of a group of high-risk adolescents and that the impact was moderated by the adolescents’ self-reported social support. Adolescence is marked by profound changes in biological, psychological, and social functioning.
Indeed, self-reported vs. clinically diagnosed prevalence rates of 31% vs. 50% were reported for anxiety, 27% vs. 335 depression and 38% vs. 80% for PTSD. Interestingly, the study also reported prevalence data for samples made up of refugees and children/adolescents living in conflict areas . Accordingly, rates of reported anxiety corresponded to 32% and 27% , respectively rates of depression were 28% and 43% ; and rates of PTSD were 52% and 47% . The authors of the study concluded that their estimated prevalence rates were substantially higher in adult and child/adolescent refugees compared to those reported for non-refugee populations worldwide and populations living in conflict or war zones.
Risk models of dating aggression across different adolescent relationships: a developmental psychopathology approach.
Fifteen papers are related to adult populations only, two papers regard both adults and child/adolescents, and five are related to children and adolescent populations. A number of studies have looked exclusively at adolescent’s internalizing, externalizing, and PTSD symptoms, with a range of findings. In a child welfare population, psychological maltreatment, as opposed to experiencing or witnessing physical or sexual assault, had the most profound effect on youth’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors; witnessing family violence had a modest effect only for boys. Adolescent dating violence is defined as any physically, sexually, or psychologically violent behavior, including stalking, directed toward a current or former dating partner in adolescence. Supporting healthy, nonviolent relationships could reduce TDV and prevent its harmful, long-lasting effects on individuals, their families, and their communities.
Physical Injuries during Adolescent/Teenage Dating Relationship
Physical violence is when a person hurts or tries to hurt a partner by hitting, kicking, or using another type of physical force. Due to inconsistencies in reporting and differing sample sizes between outcomes, not all moderating variables could be used for all outcomes. The specific moderating variables used in each analysis are identified in the corresponding section for each of the five outcomes . A qualitative review and integrative model of gratitude and physical healthCR Lavelock, BJ Griffin, EL Worthington Jr, EG Benotsch, Y Lin, CL Greer, … The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guideline31 was followed and fulfilled.
During the pre-teen and teen years, it is critical for youth to begin learning skills to create and maintain healthy relationships, including managing feelings and communicating in a healthy way. Research also highlights the need for prevention efforts that address the unique needs of teens who are at greater risk of experiencing teen dating violence. Metaregression shows that the pooled β coefficient did not differ by age at baseline, which is in line with previous literature,20,29 and showed that children with disturbed sleep are equally as vulnerable to later depression as youths. This finding is of particular relevance because it informs the timing of prevention strategies.